Anisole with conc. `HNO_(3)` and conc. `H_(2)SO_(4)` gives

Options

A. Phenol
B. Nitrobenzene
C. O - and - P - Nitroanisole
D. O- Nitroanisole

Answer

To solve the question regarding the reaction of anisole with concentrated HNO₃ and concentrated H₂SO₄, we will follow these steps:

### Step 1: Understand the Reactants
Anisole (C₆H₅OCH₃) is an aromatic compound where a methoxy group (–OCH₃) is attached to a benzene ring. Concentrated nitric acid (HNO₃) and concentrated sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) are strong acids used for nitration reactions.

**Hint:** Identify the structure of anisole and the role of each reactant.

### Step 2: Generate the Nitrating Agent
When concentrated HNO₃ is mixed with concentrated H₂SO₄, they react to form the nitronium ion (NO₂⁺), which is the active nitrating species. The reaction can be summarized as follows:
\[ \text{HNO}_3 + \text{H}_2\text{SO}_4 \rightarrow \text{NO}_2^+ + \text{HSO}_4^- + \text{H}_2\text{O} \]

**Hint:** Remember that the nitronium ion is responsible for the electrophilic attack on the aromatic ring.

### Step 3: Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution
The nitronium ion (NO₂⁺) will attack the anisole. The methoxy group (–OCH₃) is an electron-donating group, which activates the aromatic ring towards electrophilic substitution. The nitronium ion can attack at the ortho and para positions relative to the methoxy group.

**Hint:** Consider the directing effects of substituents on aromatic rings.

### Step 4: Identify the Products
The possible products from the nitration of anisole are:
1. Ortho-nitroanisole (NO₂ at the ortho position)
2. Para-nitroanisole (NO₂ at the para position)

Both products will be formed, but typically, the para product is favored due to steric hindrance at the ortho position.

**Hint:** Draw the structures of the ortho and para products to visualize the outcome.

### Step 5: Conclusion
The final products of the reaction between anisole and concentrated HNO₃ and H₂SO₄ are a mixture of ortho-nitroanisole and para-nitroanisole.

**Hint:** Review the final structures to ensure you have identified all possible products correctly.

### Final Answer
The products formed when anisole reacts with concentrated HNO₃ and concentrated H₂SO₄ are ortho-nitroanisole and para-nitroanisole.