Describe briefly the biological importance of calcium and magnesium.

Explanation

(i) Magnesium plays an important role in many biochemical reactions catalysed by enzymes. It is the co-factor of all enzymes that utilize ATP in phosphate transfer and energy release. It also essential for DNA synthesis and is responsible for the stability and proper functioning of DNA. It is also used for balancing electrolytes in our body. Deficiency of magnesium results into convulsion and neuromuscular irritation.
(ii) Calcium is a major component ofbones and teeth. It is also present in blood and its concentration is maintained by hormones (calcitonin and parathyroid hormone). Deficiency of calcium in blood causes it to take longer time to clot. It is also important for muscle contraction.
(iii) Chlorophyll contains magnesium which plays an important role in photoshynthesis.