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An element A occupies group number 15 an...

An element A occupies group number 15 and period number 3, reacts with chlorine to give compound B. The compounds B on hydrolysis gives a dibasic acid C. The compound C on heating undergoes auto oxidation and reduction to give a tribasic acid D. Identify the elements A, compounds B, C and D. Write the reactions.

Text Solution

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(i) As per the position in the periodic table, the element A is phosphorus.
(ii) Phosphorus reacts with dry chlorine to form phosphorus trichloride as below :
`underset((A))(P_(4))+6Cl_(2) rarr underset((B))(4PCl_(3))`
Hence, compound B is phosphorus trichloride.
(iii) `PCl_(3)` on hydrolysis phosphorous acid, `H_(3)PO_(3)` on heating undergoes auto oxidation and reduction producing phosphoric acid and phosphine as below :
`underset((C))(4H_(3)PO_(3)) overset(Delta)rarr PH_(3)+underset((D))(3H_(3)PO_(4))`
Phosphoric acid is a tribasic acid. Hence, compound D is phosphoric acid.
Thus, A = Phosphorus
`" "` B = Phosphorus trichloride
`" "` C = Phosphorous acid
`" "` D = Phosphoric acid
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