Explain current transfer characteristics.

Explanation

This gives the variation of collector current `(I_(C)` with changes in base current `(I_(B))` at constant collector - emitter voltage `(V_(CE))`.
It is seen that a small `I_(C)` flows even when `I_(B)` is zero. This current is called the common emitter leakage current `(I_("CEO"))` , which is due to the flow of minority charge carriers.
Forward current gain:
(i) The ratio of the change in collector current `(DeltaI_(C))` to the change in base current `(DeltaI_(B))` at constant collector - emitter voltage `(V_(CE))` is called forward current gain `(beta)`.
`Beta=((DeltaI_(C))/(DeltaI_(B)))_V_(CE)`
(ii) It is value is very high and it generally ranges from 50 to 200. It depends on the construction of the transistors and will be provided by the manufacturer.