What is Lyonisation?

Explanation

(i) In the XY chromosomal system of sex determination, males have only one X chromosome, whereas females have two. In mammals the necessary dosage compensation is accomplished by the inactivation of one of the X chromosome in females so that both males and females have only one functional X chromosome per cell.
(ii) Mary Lyon suggested that Barr bodies represented an inactive chromosome, which in females becomes tightly coiled into a heterochromatin, a condensed and visible form of chromatin (Lyon's hypothesis). The number of Barr bodies observed in cell was one less than the number of X-Chromosome. XO females have no Barr body, whereas XXY males have one Barr body.
(iii) The discovery of X inactivator is attributed by British Genetician Mary Lyon and is called as Lynoisation.