Discuss the methods adopted for the improvement of human race.

Explanation

The methods adopted for the improvement of human beings are
(i) Eugenics
(ii) Euthenics
(iii) Euphenics
Eugenics:
Application of the laws of genetics for the improvement of human race is called eugenics. The term eugenics means "well born" and was coined by Francis Galton in 1885. For the betterment of future generations it is necessary to increase the population of outstanding people and to decrease the population of abnormal and defective people by applying the principles of eugenics.
Two methods of Eugenics
(i) Constructive method or Positive eugenics
(ii) Restrictive method or Negative eugenics
(i) Positive eugenics: Positive eugenics attempts to increase consistently better or desirable germplasm and to preserve the best germplasm of the society. The desirable traits can be incresed by adopting the following measures:
(a) Early marriage of those having desirable traits
(b) Subsiding the fit and establishing sperm and egg banks of pecious germplasm
(c) Educating the basic principles of genetics and eugenics
(d) Improvement of environmental conditions
(e) Promotion of genetic research
(ii) Negative eugenics: Negative Eugenics attempts to eliminate the defective germplasm of the society by adopting the following measures:
(a) Sexual separation of the defectives
(b) Sterilization of the defectives
(c) Control of immigration and Regulation of marriages
Euphenics:
The symptomatic treatment of genetic disease of man is called Euphenics or Medical engineering. In 1960, Joshua Lederberg coined the term Euphenics. It means normal appearing. It deals with the control of several inherited human diseases especially the inborn errors of metabolism. Eg. Phenylketonura (PKU)
Euthenics:
The science of improvement of existing human race by impoving the environmental conditions is called euthenics. It can be achieved by subjecting them to better nutrition, better unpolluted ecological conditions, better education and sufficient medical facilities.