Write a note on any two protozoen diseases.

Explanation

(i)Causal agent : Amoebiasis or amoebic dysentery or Entamoeba histolytica, which lives in the human large intestine and feeds on food particles and bacteria . Infective stage of this parasite is the trophozoite, which penetrates the walls of the host intestine (colon) and secretes histolytic enzymes
Symptoms Causes : Ulceration, bleeding , abdominal pain and stools with excess mucus. Symptoms can range from diarrhoea to dysentery with blood and mucus in the stool.
Mode of transmission : Houseflies (Musca domestica ) acts as a carrier for transmitting the parasite from contaminated faeces and water.
(ii)Causal agent : kala-azar or visceral leishmaniasisis - Leishmania donovani.
Symptoms : Weight Loss , anaemia , fever , enlargement of spleen and liver.
Mode of Transmission : It is transmitted by the vector Phlebotomus (sand fly). Infection may occur in the endothelial cells, bone marrow , liver , lymph glands and blood vessels of the spleen.