List out the various causes for biodiversity losses.

Explanation

The major causes for biodiversity decline are:
(i) Habitat loss, fragmentation and destruction (affects about 73% of all species).
(ii) Pollution and pollutants (Smog, pesticides, herbicides, oil slicks, GHGs).
(iii) Climate change
(iv) Introduction of alien/exotic species.
(v) Over exploitation of resources (poaching indiscriminate cutting of tree, overfishing, hunting, mining).
(vi) Intensive agriculture and aquacultural practices.
(vii) Hybridization between native and non-native species and loss of native species.
(viii) Natural disasters (Tsunami, forest fire, earth quake, volcanoes).
(ix) Industrialization, Urbanization, infrastructure development, Transport-Road and Shipping activity, communication towers, dam construction, unregulated tourism and monoculture are common area of specific threats.
(x) Co-extinction.