Describe the respiration life processes in bacteria.

Explanation

Two types of respiration is found in bacteria. They are
1. Aerobic respiration :
These bacteria require oxygen as terminal acceptor and will not grow under anaerobic conditions (i.e. in the absence of `O_(2)`)
Eg: Streptococcus.
Obligate aerobes :
Some Micrococcus species are obligate aerobes (i.e. they must have oxygen to survive).
2. Anaerobic respiration :
These bacteria do not use oxygen for growth and metabolism but obtain their energy from fermentation reactions. Eg : Clostridium.
a) Facultative anaerobes :
(i) There are bacteria that can grow either using oxygen as a terminal electron acceptor or anaerobically using fermentation reaction to obtain energy.
(ii) Facultative anaerobes are often termed "aerobes".
(iii) When a facultative anaerobes such as E. coli is present at a site of infection like an abdominal abscess, it can rapidly consume all available `O_(2)` and change to anaerobic metabolism producing an anaerobic environment and thus allow the anaerobic bacteria that are present to grow and cause disease. Eg: Escherichia coli and Salmonella.
b) Capnophilic Bacteria: Bacteria which require `CO_(2)` for their growth are called as capnophilic bacteria.
Eg : Campylobacter.