Explain the different methods of grafting.

Explanation

It is a conventional method of vegetative propagation.
Grafting: In this, parts of two different plants are joined so that they continue to grow as oneplant. Of the two plants, the plant which is incontanct with the soil is called stock and theplant used for grafting is called scion
Example are Citrus, Mango and Apple. There are different types of grafting based on the method of uniting the scion and stock. They are bud grafting, approach grafting, tongue grafting, crown grafting and wedge grafting.
(i) Bud grafting A T- Shaped incision is made in the stock and the bark is lifted. The scion bud with little wood is placed in the incision beneath the bark and properly bandaged with a tape.
(ii) Approach grafting: In this method both the scion and stock remain rooted. The stock is grown in a pot and it is brought close to the scion. Both of them should have the same thickness. A small slice is cut from both and the cut surfaces are brought near and tried together and held by a tape. After 1-4 weeks the tip of the stock and base of the scion are cut off and detached and grown in a separatepot.
(iii) Tongue grafting:
A scuin and stock having the same thickness is cut obliquely and the scion is fit into the stock and bound with a tape.
(iv) Crown grafting:
When the stock is large in size scions are cut into wedge shape and are inserted on the slits or clefts of the stock and fixed in position using graft wax.
(v) Wedge grafting:
In this method a slit is made in the stock or the bark is cut. A twig of scion is inserted and tightly bound so that the cambium of the two is joined.