Is their any possibilities to tranfer a suitable desirable gene to host plant without vector? Justify you answer.

Explanation

Direct or Vectorless gene transfer: In the direct gene transfer methods, the foreign gene of interest is delivered into the host plant without the help of a vector. The following are some of the common methods of direct gene transfer in plants.
(a) Chemical mediated gene transfer: Certain chemicals like polyethlene gycol (PEG) and dextran sulphate induce DNA uptake into plant protoplast.
(b) Microinjection: The DNA is directly Injected into the nucleus using fine tipped glass needle or micro pipette to transform plant cells. The protoplast are immobillised on a solid support (agarose on a microscopic slide) or held with a holding pipette under suction.
(c) Electroporation: Methods of gene transfer: A pulse of high voltage is applied to protoplast, cells or tissues which makes transient pores in the plasma membrane through which uptake of foreign DNA occurs.
(d) Liposome mediated method of gene transfer: Liposomes the artificial phospholipid vesicles are useful in gene transfer. The gene or DNA transferred from liposome into vaculoe of palnt cells. It is carriede out by encapsulated DNA into the vaculoe. This technique is advantegeous because the liposome protects the introduced DNA from being damaged by the acidic pH and protease enzymes present in the vaculoe. Liposome and tonoplast of vaculoe fusion resulted in gene transfer. This process is called lipofection.

(e) Biolistics: The froeign DNA is coated onto the surface of minutes gold or tungsten particles (1-3 `mum`) and bombarded onto the target tissues or cells using a partcle gun (also called as gene gun/micro projectile gun/shotgun). Then the bambarded cells or tissues are cultured on selected medium to regenerate plants from the transformed cells.