Give the detailed account of media preparation in tissue culture.

Explanation

(i) Success of tissue culture lies in the composition of the growth medium, plant growth regulators and culture conditions such as temperature, pH, light and humidity.
(ii) No single medium is capable of maintaining optimum growth of all plant tissues.
(iii) Suitable nutrient medium as per the principle of tissue culture is prepared and used.
(iv) MS nutrient medium (Murashige and Skoog 1962) is commonly used. It has carbon sources, with suitable vitamins and hormones.
(v) The media formulations available for plant tissue culture other than MS are B5 White, medium, Nitsch's medium. A medium may be solid/ semisolid / liquid.
(vi) For solidification, a gelling agent such as agar is added.
Agar :
A complex mucilaginous polysaccharide obtained from marine algae (sea weeds) used as solidifying agent in media preparation.