Enumerate the anatomical adaptations of xerophytes.

Explanation

(i) Presence of multi layered epidermis with heavy cuticle to prevent water loss due to transpiration.
(ii) Hypodermis is well developed with sclerenchymatous tissues.
(iii) Sunken shaped stomata are present only in the lower epidermis with hairs in the sunken pits.
(iv) Scotoactive type of stomata found in succulent plants .
(v) Vascular bundles are well developed with several layered bundle sheath.
(vi) Mesophyll is well differentiated into palisade and spongy parenchyma.
(vii) In succulents the stem possesses a water storage region.