What are the effects of deforestation and benefits of agroforesty?

Explanation

Effects of deforestation:
(i) Burning of forest wood release stored carbon, a negative impact just opposite of carbon sequestration.
(ii) Trees and plants bind the soil particles. The removal of forest -cover increases soil erosion and decreases soil fertility. Deforestation in dry areas leads to the formation of deserts.
(iii) The amount of runoff water increases soil erosion and also creates flash flooding, thus reducing moisture and humidity.
(iv) The alteration of local precipitation patterns leading to drought conditions in many regions. It triggers adverse climatic conditions and alters water cycle in ecosystem.
(v) It decreases the bio-diversity significantly as their habitats are disturbed and disruption of natural cycles.
(vi) Loss of livelihood for forest dwellers and rural people.
(vii) lncreased global warming and account for one-third of total `CO_(2)` emission.
(viii) Loss of life support resources, fuel, medicinal herbs and wild edible fruits.
Benefits of agroforestry:
(i) It is a solution for the problem of soil and water conservation and also to stabilise the soil (salinity and water table) reduce landslide and·water run-off problem.
(ii) Nutrient cycling between species improves and organic matter is maintained.
(iii) Trees provide micro climate for crops and maintain `O_(2)` - `CO_(2)` balance, atmospheric temperature and relative humidity.
(iv) Suitable for dry land where rainfall is minimum and hence it is a good system for alternate land use pattern.
(v) Multipurpose tree varieties like Acacia are used for wood pulp, tanning, paper and firewood industries.
(vi) Agro-forestry is recommended for the following purposes. It can be used as Farm Forestry for the extension of forests,mixed forestry, shelter belts and linear strip plantation.