Write a note on Agro forestry.

Explanation

(i) Agroforestry is an integration of trees, crops and livestock on the same plot of land.
(ii) The main objective is on the interaction among them. Example: intercropping of two or more crops between different species of trees and shrubs, which results in higher yielding and reducing the operation costs.
(iii) Some of the major species cultivated in commercial Agroforestry include Casuarina, Eucalyptus, Malai Vembu, Teak and Kadambu trees which were among the 20 species identified as commercial timber.
They are of great importance to wood-based industries.
Benefits of agroforestry:
(i) It is an answer to the problem of soil and water conservation and also to stabilise the soil (salinity and water table) reduce landslide and water run-off problem.
(ii) Nutrient cycling between species improves and organic matter is maintained.
(iii) Trees provide micro climate for crops and maintain `O_(2) - CO_(2)` balanced, atmospheric temperature and relative humidity.
(iv) Suitable for dry land where rainfall is minimum and hence it is a good system for alternate land use pattern.
(v) Multipurpose tree varieties like Acacia are used for wood pulp, tanning, paper and firewood industries.
(vi) Agro-forestry is recommended for the following purposes. It can be used as Farm Forestry for the extension of forests,mixed forestry, shelter belts and linear strip plantation.