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Although geometries of NH(3) and H(2)O m...

Although geometries of `NH_(3)` and `H_(2)O` molecules are distorted tetrahedral, bond angle in water is less than that of ammonia. Discuss.

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The molecular geometry of `NH_(3)` and `H_(2)O` can be shown as :

The central atoms (N) in `NH_(3)` has one pair and there are three bond pairs. In `H_(2)O`, there are two lone pair and two bond pairs.
The two lone pairs presents in the oxygen atom of `H_(2)O` molecule repels the two bond pairs. This repulsion is stronger than the repulsion between the lone pair and the three bond pairs on the nitrogen atom.
Since the repulsion on the bond pairs in `H_(2)O` molecule greater than that in `NH_(3)`, the bond angle in water is less than that of ammonia.
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Assertion (A): Though the central atom of both NH_(3) and H_(2)O molecules are sp^(3) hybridised, yet H-N-H bond angle is greater thant that of H-O-H. Reason(R): This is because nitrogen atom has one lone pair and oxygen atom has two lone pairs.

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NCERT-CHEMICAL BONDING AND MOLECULAR STRUCTURE-EXERCISE
  1. Write the favourable factors for the formation of ionic bond.

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  2. Discuss the shape of the following molecules using the VSEPR model: ...

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  3. Although geometries of NH(3) and H(2)O molecules are distorted tetrahe...

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  4. How do you express the bond strength in terms of bond order?

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  5. Define the bond length.

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  6. Explain the important aspects of resonance with reference to the CO(3)...

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  7. H(3)PO(3) can be represented by structure (a) and (b) shown below. Can...

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  8. Write the resonance structures for SO(3),NO(2), and NO(3)^(ө).

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  9. Use Lewis symbols to show electron transfer between the following atom...

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  10. Although both CO(2) and H(2)O are triatomic molecules, the shape of H(...

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  11. Write the significance/applications of dipole moment

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  12. Define electronegativity. How does it differ from electron gain enthal...

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  13. Explain with the help of suitable example polar covalent bond.

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  14. Arrange the bonds in order of increasing ionic character in the molecu...

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  15. The skeletal structure of CH(3)COOH as shown below is correct, but som...

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  16. Apart from tetrahedral geometry, another possible geometry for CH(4) i...

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  17. Explain why BeH(2) molecule has a zero dipole moment although the Be-H...

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  18. Out of NH(3) and NF(3) which has a higher Dipole moment?

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  19. What is meant by hybridisation of atomic orbitals? Describe the shape ...

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  20. Describe the change in hybridization (if any) of the Al atom in the fo...

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