Bioluminescence is shown by

Options

A. Ceratium
B. Chlorella
C. Hirudinaria
D. Chlamydomonas.

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding Bioluminescence**: Bioluminescence refers to the ability of living organisms to produce and emit light through a chemical reaction. This phenomenon is commonly observed in certain marine organisms.

2. **Identifying the Options**: The question provides several options: ceratium, chlorala, and herodineria. We need to evaluate which of these organisms are known for bioluminescence.

3. **Analyzing Ceratium**: Ceratium is a genus of dinoflagellates, which are unicellular organisms found in marine environments. They possess two different types of flagella and are known to exhibit bioluminescence.

4. **Analyzing Chlorala**: Chlorala is a type of green algae. Algae, particularly green algae, primarily perform photosynthesis and do not exhibit bioluminescence. Therefore, chlorala does not show bioluminescence.

5. **Analyzing Herodineria**: Herodineria refers to leeches, which are part of the annelid phylum. Leeches are known for being sanguivorous (blood-sucking) but do not exhibit bioluminescence.

6. **Conclusion**: Based on the analysis, the only organism among the options that shows bioluminescence is ceratium, a dinoflagellate.

**Final Answer**: Bioluminescence is shown by ceratium.

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