The wheels of moving vehicles are made hollow in the middle and thick at the periphery, because

Options

A. it gives minimum moment of ineretia to the tyre
B. its shape is a strong one
C. this increases the speed
D. it increases moment of inertia of tyre

Answer

To understand why the wheels of moving vehicles are designed to be hollow in the middle and thick at the periphery, we can break down the explanation into several steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Wheel Design**:
- The wheels are constructed with a hollow center and a thicker outer edge. This design is intentional and serves a specific purpose related to the physics of rotational motion.

2. **Moment of Inertia**:
- The moment of inertia (I) is a measure of how difficult it is to change the rotational motion of an object. It depends on the mass distribution relative to the axis of rotation. The formula for moment of inertia is given by \( I = \sum m_i r_i^2 \), where \( m_i \) is the mass of each particle and \( r_i \) is the distance from the axis of rotation.

3. **Radius and Mass Distribution**:
- In the case of the wheel, the mass is concentrated at the periphery (outer edge) where the radius is larger, and the center is hollow where the radius is smaller. This means that the mass at the outer edge contributes more significantly to the moment of inertia compared to mass located closer to the center.

4. **Increasing Moment of Inertia**:
- By making the wheel thicker at the periphery, we increase the moment of inertia. A larger moment of inertia means that the wheel will resist changes to its rotational motion more effectively.

5. **Torque and Angular Velocity**:
- Torque (\( \tau \)) is related to moment of inertia and angular velocity (\( \omega \)) by the equation \( \tau = I \cdot \alpha \), where \( \alpha \) is the angular acceleration. A higher moment of inertia allows the wheel to generate more torque for a given angular acceleration.

6. **Practical Implications**:
- In practical terms, having a higher moment of inertia allows the vehicle to maintain stability and control during motion. It also helps in better handling of the vehicle when accelerating or decelerating.

7. **Conclusion**:
- Therefore, the design of the wheels being hollow in the middle and thick at the periphery is a strategic choice to optimize the moment of inertia, which in turn enhances the performance and efficiency of the vehicle.

### Final Answer:
The wheels of moving vehicles are made hollow in the middle and thick at the periphery to increase the moment of inertia, which allows for greater torque generation and improved stability during motion.