Giraffe's neck and forelimbs get elongated during the course of evolution, due to :

Options

A. Inheritance of acquired characters
B. Natural selection
C. Geographical isolation
D. Convergent evolution

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding the Question:**
The question asks about the reason behind the elongation of the giraffe's neck and forelimbs during evolution.

2. **Analyzing the Options:**
We have four options to consider:
- Option 1: Inheritance of Acquired Characters
- Option 2: Natural Selection
- Option 3: Geographical Isolation
- Option 4: Convergent Evolution

3. **Evaluating Option 1 - Inheritance of Acquired Characters:**
This theory, proposed by Lamarck, suggests that traits acquired during an organism's lifetime can be passed to the next generation. However, this concept has been largely discredited in modern evolutionary biology. Thus, this option is incorrect.

4. **Evaluating Option 2 - Natural Selection:**
This is the theory proposed by Charles Darwin. It states that individuals with traits that are better suited to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce. In the case of giraffes, those with longer necks could reach higher leaves for food, giving them a survival advantage. Therefore, this option is correct.

5. **Evaluating Option 3 - Geographical Isolation:**
This refers to the separation of populations due to physical barriers, which can lead to speciation. However, it does not explain the elongation of necks and limbs in giraffes. Hence, this option is incorrect.

6. **Evaluating Option 4 - Convergent Evolution:**
This occurs when unrelated species evolve similar traits due to similar environmental pressures. Since giraffes are not evolving independently from other species to develop similar traits, this option is also incorrect.

7. **Conclusion:**
The correct answer is **Option 2: Natural Selection**, as it best explains the evolutionary adaptation of giraffes' necks and forelimbs.

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