The pathway of water from soil upto the xylem :

Options

A. Soil `to` root hair `to ` cortex `to` endodermis `to` pericycle `to` protoxylem  Meta xylem
B. Metaxylem `to ` protoxylem `to` pericycle `to` cortex `to` endodermis `to` soil `to` root hair
C. Cortex `to` root hair `to` endodermis `to` pericycle `to` protoxylem ` to` metaxylem
D. Pericycle `to` soil `to` root hair `to `cortex `to` endodermis `to` protoxylem  metaxylem

Answer

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Water Absorption from Soil**: The process begins with the absorption of water from the soil by the plant roots. The roots are equipped with root hairs that increase the surface area for water absorption.

2. **Role of Root Hairs**: Root hairs are unicellular extensions of the root epidermis (also known as epiblema). These structures are crucial for the uptake of water from the soil.

3. **Pathways of Water Movement**: Once water is absorbed by the root hairs, it can move through the root via two main pathways:
- **Apoplast Pathway**: This pathway involves the movement of water through the cell walls and intercellular spaces without crossing any cell membranes.
- **Symplast Pathway**: This pathway involves the movement of water through the cytoplasm of the cells, which is connected by plasmodesmata.

4. **Movement through the Root**: After entering the root hairs, water travels through the following layers:
- **Cortex**: The water moves from the root hairs into the cortex, which is the outer layer of the root.
- **Endodermis**: Next, the water passes through the endodermis, the innermost layer of the cortex, which regulates the flow of water into the vascular system.
- **Pericycle**: After the endodermis, water moves into the pericycle, which is the layer of cells just inside the endodermis.
- **Protoxylem**: The water then enters the protoxylem, which is the first part of the xylem to develop and is responsible for transporting water.
- **Metaxylem**: Finally, the water reaches the metaxylem, which is the main conducting tissue for water transport in the plant.

5. **Conclusion**: Therefore, the correct pathway of water from soil to xylem is:
- Soil → Root Hairs → Cortex → Endodermis → Pericycle → Protoxylem → Metaxylem.

### Final Answer:
The pathway of water from soil to xylem is: **Soil → Root Hairs → Cortex → Endodermis → Pericycle → Protoxylem → Metaxylem.**

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