Thermal & Chemical resistant in bacterial spores is due to

Options

A. Muramic acid
B. Ca dipicolinate
C. Diaminopimeleate
D. Teichoic acid

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding Bacterial Spores**: Bacterial spores, specifically endospores, are highly resistant structures formed by certain bacteria. They are dormant and can survive extreme conditions.

2. **Components of Endospores**: The core of endospores contains essential components like DNA, RNA, proteins, and dipicolinic acid. These components are crucial for the spore's resistance properties.

3. **Role of Dipicolinic Acid**: Dipicolinic acid (also known as pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid) is a significant component of the endospore's core. It forms a complex with calcium ions, which is vital for the stability and heat resistance of the spore.

4. **Mechanism of Resistance**: The calcium dipicolinic acid complex stabilizes the DNA within the spore, protecting it from damage caused by heat and chemicals. This stabilization is what contributes to the thermal and chemical resistance of bacterial spores.

5. **Evaluating the Options**: Given the options provided (muramic acid, dipicolinic acid, diaminopimelate, and techoic acid), the correct answer is dipicolinic acid, as it is directly associated with the heat resistance and stability of the DNA in bacterial spores.

6. **Conclusion**: Therefore, the thermal and chemical resistance in bacterial spores is primarily due to dipicolinic acid.

**Final Answer**: Dipicolinic acid.

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