Independent alternation of generation found in-

Options

A. Pteridophyta
B. Spermatophyta
C. Thallophyta
D. Bryophyta

Answer

To solve the question regarding which group exhibits independent alternation of generation, we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understand the Concept of Alternation of Generations**:
- Alternation of generations is a biological process where two distinct forms (generations) alternate in the life cycle of an organism. These forms are typically a haploid gametophyte and a diploid sporophyte.

2. **Identify the Generations**:
- The haploid generation (gametophyte) produces gametes, while the diploid generation (sporophyte) produces spores.

3. **Differentiate Between Isomorphic and Heteromorphic Generations**:
- Isomorphic generations are morphologically similar and indistinguishable from one another. In contrast, heteromorphic generations are different in form and structure.

4. **Examine the Groups of Organisms**:
- In the plant kingdom, different groups exhibit different types of alternation of generations. For example:
- Bryophytes (like mosses) have a dominant gametophyte generation.
- Pteridophytes (like ferns) exhibit a more complex alternation where both generations are independent and free-living.

5. **Identify the Correct Group**:
- Among the options, pteridophytes are known for having an independent alternation of generations, where both the gametophyte and sporophyte are free-living and can exist independently of each other.

6. **Conclusion**:
- Therefore, the correct answer to the question is that independent alternation of generation is found in **Pteridophyta**.