All Gymnosperms are:-

Options

A. Heterosporous
B. Arborescent
C. Seed plants
D. All the above

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding Gymnosperms:**
- Gymnosperms are a group of seed-producing plants that include conifers, cycads, Ginkgo, and gnetophytes. The term "Gymnosperm" comes from the Greek words "gymnos," meaning naked, and "sperma," meaning seed. This indicates that their seeds are not enclosed in an ovary or fruit.

2. **Identifying Key Characteristics:**
- Gymnosperms are characterized by the following:
- They produce naked seeds.
- They are seed plants, meaning they reproduce through seeds rather than spores.
- They are heterosporous, producing two types of spores: microspores (male, which develop into pollen grains) and megaspores (female).

3. **Explaining Heterospory:**
- Heterospory refers to the production of two distinct types of spores. In Gymnosperms:
- Microspores develop into male gametophytes (pollen grains).
- Megaspores develop into female gametophytes.

4. **Understanding Arborescent:**
- The term "arborescent" refers to a tree-like structure or characteristics. Many Gymnosperms exhibit this trait, as they often grow in a tree form.

5. **Conclusion:**
- Based on the characteristics discussed, all Gymnosperms can be classified as:
- Heterosporous (producing two types of spores).
- Seed plants (as they reproduce through seeds).
- Arborescent (many have tree-like structures).
- Therefore, the correct answer is "All of the above."