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N and Bi do not form pentachlorides but ...

N and Bi do not form pentachlorides but P does- why?

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Due to absence of d-orbitals in nitrogen `(1s^(2)2s^(2)2p^(3))`, its 2s electron cannot be excited ta create five half-filled orbitals necessary for the five N- Cl bonds. Hence, nitrogen does not form `NCl_(5)` . In contrast, Bi is expected to form pentachloride because it has vacant 6d -orbitals to which one 6s -electron can be excited to make me half-filled orbitals required for five Bi - Cl bonds. However due to inert pair effect, the energy needed for excitation of 6s -electron to 6d -orbital is much higher and in fact, much more than the energy released when two additional Bi - Cl bonds are formed. Thus, Bi does not form `BiCl_(5)` . Phosphorus has vacant d -orbitals in its valence shell and due to strong screening effect of s -and p -electrons of the inner orbitals, 3s electron can easily be excited to have five half-filled orbitals needed for the formation of five P - CI bonds. Thus, phosphorus forms `PCl_(5)` easily.
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CHHAYA PUBLICATION-P-BLOCK ELEMENTS-SHORT ANSWER TYPE (SA)
  1. Why N2 is chemically inert? State conditon and reaction of N2 and calc...

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  2. Between white & red phosphorus which one is more reactive & why?

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  3. N and Bi do not form pentachlorides but P does- why?

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  4. PCl(5) exists as the ion-pair PBr(5) exists as the ion pair -explain.

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  5. H(3)PO(3) acts as a reducing agent while H(3)PO(4) does not-Explain. M...

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  6. In organic reactions PCl(5) acts as a chlorinating agent. Explain.

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  7. NH(3) is a better complexing agent than PH(3) - why?

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  8. Which among and has higher value of bond angle and why?

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  9. How many types of salts are obtained when H(3)PO(4) reacts with NaOH?

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  10. Liquor ammonia bottles are to be opened only after cooling- why?

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  11. Why does a hot Pt-wire becomes brighter when NH(3) gas is passed over ...

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  12. Mention an observation which supports that +5 oxidation state of Bi is...

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  13. NCl(3) is an endothermic compound while NF(3) is an exothermic compou...

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  14. The electron gain enthalpy with negative sign is less for oxygen for ...

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  15. H(2)S is acidic but H(2)O ls neutraJ in nature-why?

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  16. Sulphur is paramagnetic in the vapour state-why?

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  17. SF(6) exists but SH(6) has no existence-why?

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  18. Explain why sulphuric acid has a high boiling point. How do chemists m...

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  19. The bleaching action of SO(2) is temporary but that of Cl(2) is perman...

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