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Following the Mulliken scale, what param...

Following the Mulliken scale, what parameters are required to evaluate electronegativity ?

A

Only electronegativity

B

Only electron affinity

C

Electron affinity and ionization energy

D

Ionic potential and electronegativity

Text Solution

Verified by Experts

The correct Answer is:
C
`EN = (IP +EA)/(2)`
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In 1931, Pauling defined the electronegativity of an atom as the tendency of the atom to attract electrons to itself when combined in a compound. The implication is that when a covalent bond is formed, the electrons used for bonding need not be shared equally by both atoms. If the bonding electrons spend more time around one atom, that atom will have a del- charge, and consequently the other atom will have a del+ charge. In the extreme case, where the bonding electrons are round one atom all of the time, the bond is ionic. Pauling and others have attempted to relate the electronegativity difference between two atoms to the amount of ionic character in the bond between them. Mulliken In 1934, Mulliken suggested an alternative approach to electronegativity based on the ionization energy and electron affinity of an atom. Consider two atoms A and B. If an electron is transferred from A to B, forming ions A^(+) and B^(-) , then the energy change is the ionization energy of atom A(I_(A)) minus the electron affinity of atom B(E_(B)) , that is I_(A)-E_(B) . Alternatively, if the electron was transferred the other way to give B^(+) and A^(-) ions, then the energy changed would be I_(B) - I_(A) . If A^(+) and B^(-) are actually formed, then this process require less energy , and (I_(A) - E_(B)) lt (I_(B) - E_(A)) Rerranging (I_(A)+E_(A)) lt (I_(A)-E_(B)) Now with respect to electronegativity for the same change, E.N_(A) lt E.N_(B) . Thus Mulliken suggested that electronegativity is proportional to I.E + E.A and could be regarded as the average of the ionization energy and the electron affinity of an atom. Electronegativity =((I+E))/(2) Mulliken used I and E values measured in electron volts, and the values were about 2.8 times alrger than the Pauling values. It is to be noted that I.E . and E.A values are defined for singular gaseous atoms. We have X atoms of A. if all the atoms gain one electron each the energy released is aeV . If Y atoms of A lose one electron each, then the energy absorbed is beV. Then the electronegativity of A on the Mulliken scale will be:

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The correct order of electronegativity on Pauling scale is:

GRB PUBLICATION-PERIODIC TABLE-E.Electronegativity
  1. The electronic configuration of the outemost shell of the most electro...

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  2. Following the Mulliken scale, what parameters are required to evaluate...

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  3. The electronegativity values of the elements are useful in predicting:

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  4. In C,N,O and F the electronegativity

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  5. If x,y and z are Mulliken electronegativity, ionisation potential and ...

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  6. The EN of the elements C, N, Si and P increases in the order of "" .

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  7. If electro negativity of x be 3.2 and that of y be 2.2 , the percentag...

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  8. Which of the following relation is correct-

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  9. As one moves down the group from top to bottom then which of the follo...

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  10. Which is a true statement?

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  11. The correct order of electronegativity is:

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  12. The electronegativity of the following elements increases in the order

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  13. Fluorine is more electronegativity than nitrogen. The best explanation...

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  14. Consider the following statements. (P) IE(I) of nitrogen atom is ore...

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  15. Choose the incorrect statement.

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  16. With respect to oxygen maximum oxidation state is shown by:

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  17. Which of the following statements is incorrect?

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  18. The group state electronic configuration of some elements, P,Q,R,S and...

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  19. In which case bond length is shortened?

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  20. Which of the following is incorrect?

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