In carbon-hydrogen-oxygen compounds :

Options

A. all O – to – H bonds are `pi` bonds
B. all C – to – H bonds are `sigma` bonds
C. all C – to – H bonds are `pi` bonds
D. all C – to – C bonds are `pi` bonds

Explanation

To solve the question regarding the types of bonds in carbon-hydrogen-oxygen compounds, we will analyze each statement provided in the question and determine their validity based on the principles of chemical bonding.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding O-H Bonds**:
- The statement claims that all O-H bonds are π bonds.
- In reality, the O-H bond is formed by the overlap of the oxygen's sp³ hybrid orbital (which contains a pair of electrons) and the hydrogen's 1s orbital (which contains one electron). This overlap results in a **sigma (σ) bond**, not a π bond.
- **Conclusion**: This statement is **false**.

2. **Understanding C-H Bonds**:
- The statement claims that all C-H bonds are σ bonds.
- Carbon has an electronic configuration of 1s² 2s² 2p². When it bonds with hydrogen (1s¹), the overlap of carbon's sp³ hybrid orbital with hydrogen's 1s orbital results in a **sigma (σ) bond**.
- **Conclusion**: This statement is **true**.

3. **Understanding C-C Bonds**:
- The statement claims that all C-C bonds are π bonds.
- For a C-C bond, when two carbon atoms bond, the first bond formed is a sigma (σ) bond due to the head-on overlap of their orbitals. If there is a double bond (C=C), one is a σ bond and the other is a π bond. In a triple bond (C≡C), one is a σ bond and two are π bonds.
- **Conclusion**: This statement is **false**.

4. **Final Analysis**:
- The correct types of bonds in carbon-hydrogen-oxygen compounds are:
- O-H: σ bond
- C-H: σ bond
- C-C: σ bond (with π bonds in double and triple bonds)
- Therefore, the only true statement is that all C-H bonds are σ bonds.

### Summary of Conclusions:
- All O-H bonds are **not** π bonds (false).
- All C-H bonds **are** σ bonds (true).
- All C-C bonds are **not** π bonds (false).