Which of the following species is planar and has a bond angle very close to `120^(@)` ?

Options

A. `BF_(3)`
B. `NO_(3)^(-)`
C. `CO_(3)^(2-)`
D. All of these

Explanation

To determine which of the given species is planar and has a bond angle very close to \(120^\circ\), we will analyze each species step by step.

### Step 1: Analyze BF3 (Boron Trifluoride)
- **Valence Electrons**: Boron has 3 valence electrons, and each fluorine has 7 valence electrons.
- **Bonding**: Boron uses its 3 valence electrons to form bonds with 3 fluorine atoms, resulting in 3 bond pairs.
- **Lone Pairs**: There are no lone pairs on the boron atom.
- **Steric Number**: The steric number (number of bond pairs + number of lone pairs) is 3.
- **Hybridization**: The hybridization is \(sp^2\).
- **Shape**: The shape is trigonal planar.
- **Bond Angle**: The bond angle is approximately \(120^\circ\).

### Step 2: Analyze NO3^- (Nitrate Ion)
- **Valence Electrons**: Nitrogen has 5 valence electrons, and each oxygen has 6 valence electrons. The negative charge adds an additional electron.
- **Bonding**: Nitrogen forms one double bond with one oxygen and single bonds with the other two oxygens.
- **Lone Pairs**: There are no lone pairs on the nitrogen atom.
- **Steric Number**: The steric number is 3.
- **Hybridization**: The hybridization is \(sp^2\).
- **Shape**: The shape is trigonal planar.
- **Bond Angle**: The bond angle is approximately \(120^\circ\).

### Step 3: Analyze CO3^{2-} (Carbonate Ion)
- **Valence Electrons**: Carbon has 4 valence electrons, and each oxygen has 6 valence electrons. The negative charge adds 2 electrons.
- **Bonding**: Carbon forms one double bond with one oxygen and single bonds with the other two oxygens.
- **Lone Pairs**: There are no lone pairs on the carbon atom.
- **Steric Number**: The steric number is 3.
- **Hybridization**: The hybridization is \(sp^2\).
- **Shape**: The shape is trigonal planar.
- **Bond Angle**: The bond angle is approximately \(120^\circ\).

### Conclusion
All three species (BF3, NO3^-, and CO3^{2-}) are planar and have bond angles very close to \(120^\circ\). Therefore, the correct answer is that all the options provided are correct.