State four major physical properties that can be used to distinguish between covalent and ionic compounds. Mention the distinguishing features in each case.

Explanation

Melting point, Boiling point, Solubility, conductivity in aq. solution
(i) Melting points Ionic compounds have higher melting points than covalent compounds.
(ii) Boiling points Ionic compounds have higher boiling points than covalent compounds.
(iii) Solubility Ionic compounds have greater solubility in water than a covalent compound.
(iv) Conductivity in aqueous solution Ionic compounds have greater electrical conductivity in aqueous solution while covalent compounds are usually non-conducting.