How will you distinguish `1^(@)` and `2^(@)` hydroxyl groups present in glucose? Explain the reactions.

Explanation

`1^(@)` and `2^(@)` hydroxyl groups present in glucose can be identified by the reaction of glucose with nitric acid. Primary OH group present in glucose are easily oxidise to `-COOH` group while secondary `OH` group does not.
`overset(" "CHO)overset(|)underset(" "CH_(2)OH)underset(|)(" "(CHOH)_(4))overset(HNO_(3))rarroverset(" "COOH)overset(|)underset(" "COOH)underset(|)(" "(CHOH)_(4))`
Hence, one OH is primary OH group.