" Pair of groups exerting (-I) effect is - "

Which group has maximum -I effect?

Which of the following atoms/groups exerts -I effect when attached to a carbon atom?

In an aromatic ring, a functional group with lone pair of electron exerts +M effect, some fnuctional groups like, -NO,-NC-CH=CH_(2) etc., can function both as electron donating (+M) or electron withdrawing (-M) groups. More extended conjugation provide more stabilization. The most stable resonating structure of compound is

In an aromatic ring, a functional group with lone pair of electron exerts +M effect, some fnuctional groups like, -NO,-NC-CH=CH_(2) etc., can function both as electron donating (+M) or electron withdrawing (-M) groups. More extended conjugation provide more stabilization. The most stable resonating structure is :

Which group has the maximum -I effect ?

Among the following groups, the group having maximum -I effect is

Among the following groups, the group having maximum -I effect is