Enumerate the differences between asexual and sexual reproduction. Describe the types of asexual reproduction exhibited by unicellular organisms.

Explanation

The difference between asexual and sexual reproduction are mentioned below

Asexual reproduction occurs usually in unicellular organisms, wuch as monerans and protists and in plants and certain animals.
It takes place in the following ways
(i) Binary Fission In this type of asexual reproduction, the parent organism divides into two halves, each half forming an idenpendent daughter organism.
e.g., Amoeba, Euglena, Paramecium.
(ii) Budding In this type of asexual reproduction, a daughter individual is formed from a small projection, the bud, arising from the parent body.
e.g., yeast, Hydra.
(iii) Fragmentation In this type of asexual reproduction, the parent body breaks into two or more fragment. Each body fragment develops into an organism.
e.g., sponges, Selaginella.
(iv) Gemmule In this type of asexual reproduction, internal buds, called germmules are involved. Gemmules are asexually reproduced mass of cells, that is capable of developing into a new organisms.
e.g., sponges.
(v) Sporulation In this type of asexual reproduction, dispersive structures called spores are released fromthe parent body that germinate under favourable condition form new individuals.
(a) Motile spores are called zoospores and are found in aquatic animals. e.g., Albugo, Chlamydomonas.
(b) Non-motile spores are named as sporangiospores (e.g., Rhizopus, Mucor) and conidia e.g., Penicillium.