Corrosion is essentially an electrochemical phenomenon. Explain the reactions occurring during corrosion of iron kept in an open atmosphere.

Explanation

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Corrosion**: Corrosion is an electrochemical process that occurs when metals, such as iron, react with environmental factors, leading to deterioration. In the case of iron, this process is primarily driven by the presence of moisture, oxygen, and carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

2. **Formation of Anode and Cathode**: In the corrosion process, different areas on the iron surface act as anodes and cathodes. The anode is where oxidation occurs, and the cathode is where reduction takes place. The presence of moisture acts as an electrolyte, facilitating the movement of ions.

3. **Oxidation Reaction at the Anode**: At the anode, iron (Fe) is oxidized to ferrous ions (Fe²⁺). The reaction can be represented as:
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