Calculate the quantity of electricity that would be required to reduce 12.3g of nitrobenzene to aniline, if the current efficiency for the process is 50%. If the potential drop across the cell is 3.0V, how much energy will be consumed?

Explanation

Change in oxidation number at nitrogen = 4 – (–2) = 6
Equivalent weight of nitrobenzene `=123/6g`
`implies` gram equivalent of nitrobenzene `=(12.3xx6)/123=0.60`
`implies` Theoretical requirement `=0.60xx96500 C=57900 C`
`implies` Actual requirement of electricity `=2xx57900=115800C`
Q `VxxC=J` `implies` Energy consumed `=115800xx3J=347.40 kJ`