The product P of the following reaction is
`CH_(3)-COOHoverset(LiAlH_(4))to overset(SOCl_(2))to overset(14)overset(KCN)to overset(H_(3)O^(o+))toP`

Options

A. `CH_(3)-COOH`
B. `CH_(3)-CH_(2)-overset(14)COOH`
C. `CH_(3)-overset(14)COOH`
D. `CH_(3)-overset(14)CH_(2)-COOH`

Answer

To solve the given reaction step by step, we will analyze each stage of the reaction involving the carboxylic acid (acetic acid, CH₃COOH) and the reagents used.

### Step 1: Reduction of Carboxylic Acid
The first step involves the reduction of acetic acid (CH₃COOH) using lithium aluminum hydride (LiAlH₄).

- **Reaction**:
\[ CH₃COOH + LiAlH₄ \rightarrow CH₃CH₂OH \]
- **Product**: Ethanol (CH₃CH₂OH)

### Step 2: Reaction with Sulfonyl Chloride
Next, the ethanol reacts with thionyl chloride (SOCl₂).

- **Reaction**:
\[ CH₃CH₂OH + SOCl₂ \rightarrow CH₃CH₂Cl + SO₂ + HCl \]
- **Product**: Ethyl chloride (CH₃CH₂Cl)

### Step 3: Reaction with KCN
The ethyl chloride (CH₃CH₂Cl) then reacts with potassium cyanide (KCN).

- **Reaction**:
\[ CH₃CH₂Cl + KCN \rightarrow CH₃CH₂CN + KCl \]
- **Product**: Propionitrile (CH₃CH₂CN)

### Step 4: Hydrolysis of Nitrile
Finally, the propionitrile (CH₃CH₂CN) undergoes hydrolysis in the presence of water (H₂O) and an acid (H₃O⁺).

- **Reaction**:
\[ CH₃CH₂CN + H₂O \xrightarrow{H^+} CH₃CH₂COOH + NH₃ \]
- **Product**: Propanoic acid (CH₃CH₂COOH)

### Final Product
The final product \( P \) of the entire reaction sequence is propanoic acid (CH₃CH₂COOH).

### Summary of the Steps:
1. **Reduction**: Carboxylic acid to alcohol (Ethanol).
2. **Conversion**: Alcohol to alkyl halide (Ethyl chloride).
3. **Nucleophilic Substitution**: Alkyl halide to nitrile (Propionitrile).
4. **Hydrolysis**: Nitrile to carboxylic acid (Propanoic acid).

### Final Answer
The product \( P \) is **Propanoic acid (CH₃CH₂COOH)**.

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