The maximum tendency to form unipositive ion is for the elment with the electronic configuration :

Options

A. `1s^(2) , 2s^(2) , 2p^(6) , 3s^(2)`
B. `1s^(2) , 2s^(2) , 2p^(6) , 3s^(2) , 3p^(1)`
C. `1s^(2) , 2s^(2) , 2p^(6) , 3s^(2) , 3p^(2)`
D. `1s^(2) , 2s^(2)sp^(6) , 3s^(2) 3p^(3)`

Answer

To determine which element has the maximum tendency to form a unipositive ion (a cation with a +1 charge), we need to analyze the given electronic configurations. A unipositive ion is formed when an atom loses one electron. The stability of the resulting electronic configuration plays a crucial role in determining the tendency to form such an ion.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Unipositive Ions**:
A unipositive ion is formed when an atom loses one electron. The stability of the resulting electron configuration is key to determining the tendency to form this ion.

2. **Analyzing Electronic Configurations**:
- **Configuration 1**: 3s²
- This configuration has a fully filled s-orbital. Removing one electron would lead to a less stable configuration (3s¹), making the tendency to form a unipositive ion very low.

- **Configuration 2**: 3s² 3p¹
- Here, the last electron is in the 3p orbital. If one electron is removed (from 3p¹), the resulting configuration would be 3s², which is stable. Hence, this configuration has a higher tendency to form a unipositive ion.

- **Configuration 3**: 3s² 3p²
- Removing one electron from 3p² would lead to 3p¹. This configuration does not have a significant stability difference compared to the original, so the tendency to form a unipositive ion is moderate.

- **Configuration 4**: 3s² 3p³
- This configuration has a half-filled p-orbital. Removing one electron would lead to 3p², which is less stable than the half-filled state, thus reducing the tendency to form a unipositive ion.

3. **Conclusion**:
After analyzing all configurations, the configuration with the highest tendency to form a unipositive ion is **3s² 3p¹** (Option 2). This is because removing one electron leads to a stable, fully filled orbital configuration (3s²).

### Final Answer:
The element with the electronic configuration **3s² 3p¹** has the maximum tendency to form a unipositive ion.