Which of the following is affected by stable configuration of an atom
(a) Electronegativity
(b) Ionisation potential
(c) Electron affinity
Correct answer is:-

Options

A. Only electronegativity
B. Only ionisation potential
C. Electron affinity and ionisation potential
D. All of the above

Answer

To determine which of the given options (Electronegativity, Ionization Potential, or Electron Affinity) is affected by the stable configuration of an atom, we can analyze each option based on their relationship with electronic configuration.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Electronegativity**:
- Electronegativity is a measure of an atom's ability to attract and hold onto electrons when it is part of a compound.
- It is influenced by the atom's effective nuclear charge and the distance of the valence electrons from the nucleus.
- However, electronegativity does not directly depend on the electronic configuration of the atom in a straightforward manner. For example, different elements can have similar electronegativities despite having different electronic configurations.

2. **Understanding Ionization Potential (Ionization Energy)**:
- Ionization potential refers to the energy required to remove an electron from an atom in the gaseous state.
- This property is significantly influenced by the electronic configuration of an atom. For instance, atoms with a stable configuration (like noble gases) have higher ionization energies because they are less likely to lose electrons.
- The stability of the electronic configuration affects how tightly electrons are held, thus affecting the ionization potential.

3. **Understanding Electron Affinity**:
- Electron affinity is the amount of energy released when an electron is added to a neutral atom to form a negative ion.
- Similar to ionization potential, electron affinity is also influenced by the electronic configuration. Atoms with nearly filled or half-filled subshells tend to have higher electron affinities because gaining an electron can lead to a more stable configuration.

4. **Conclusion**:
- From our analysis, both ionization potential and electron affinity are affected by the stable configuration of an atom. However, electronegativity does not depend on electronic configuration in the same way.
- Therefore, the correct answer to the question is: **(b) Ionization potential** and **(c) Electron affinity** are affected by stable configuration, but the question asks for which one is affected, so we can conclude that **Ionization potential** is the most directly affected.

### Final Answer:
The correct answer is: **(b) Ionisation potential**.