Which of the following has extensive use in genetic engineering work in plants ?

Options

A. Xanthomonas citri
B. Bacillus coagulens
C. Clostridiwn septicum
D. Agrobacterium tumefacians

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Identify the Options**: The question lists several bacteria: Xanthomonas, Citroi, Bacillus, Coagulans, Clostridium, Septicum, and Agrobacterium Tumefaciens.

2. **Understand the Role of Bacteria in Genetic Engineering**: In genetic engineering, certain bacteria are used as tools to transfer genes into plants. This process often involves using plasmids, which are small, circular DNA molecules.

3. **Focus on Agrobacterium Tumefaciens**: Among the listed options, Agrobacterium Tumefaciens is well-known for its role in plant genetic engineering. It has a natural ability to transfer DNA (specifically, a segment called T-DNA) into the plant cells.

4. **Mechanism of Action**: Agrobacterium Tumefaciens causes tumors in plants by transferring T-DNA from its tumor-inducing plasmid (T.I. plasmid) into the host plant's genome. This process can be harnessed to introduce desirable genes into plants without causing disease.

5. **Conclusion**: Based on its extensive use in genetic engineering work in plants, the correct answer is Agrobacterium Tumefaciens.

**Final Answer**: Agrobacterium Tumefaciens has extensive use in genetic engineering work in plants.

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