The first recombinant DNA w as successfully made by fusing an antibiotic resistance gene with a plasmid. This was accomplished by :

Options

A. Stanley Cohen
B. Herbert Boyer
C. Both (1) and (2)
D. Nirenberg and Khorana

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding the Question**: The question asks about the scientists who were responsible for the successful creation of the first recombinant DNA by fusing an antibiotic resistance gene with a plasmid.

2. **Identifying Key Scientists**: The two key scientists involved in this process are Stanley Cohen and Herbert Boyer. They are credited with the development of recombinant DNA technology.

3. **The Process of Creating Recombinant DNA**:
- **Isolation of the Gene**: Cohen and Boyer isolated an antibiotic resistance gene from a plasmid. This gene is important as it provides resistance to certain antibiotics.
- **Use of Restriction Enzymes**: They used restriction enzymes to cut the plasmid DNA and the antibiotic resistance gene. Restriction enzymes are proteins that can cut DNA at specific sequences.
- **Ligation**: The cut antibiotic resistance gene was then ligated (joined) to the plasmid DNA. This process creates a new piece of DNA that combines the plasmid and the antibiotic resistance gene.

4. **Role of the Plasmid**: The plasmid acts as a vector, which is a vehicle used to transfer genetic material into a host cell. In this case, the plasmid carries the antibiotic resistance gene into bacterial cells.

5. **Conclusion**: The first recombinant DNA was successfully created by Stanley Cohen and Herbert Boyer in 1972. Therefore, the correct answer to the question is "Both first and second" (referring to Cohen and Boyer).

**Final Answer**: The first recombinant DNA was successfully made by fusing an antibiotic resistance gene with a plasmid by Stanley Cohen and Herbert Boyer.

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