Which of the following bacteria is known as natural genetic engineer of plants?

Options

A. Escherichia
B. Bacillus subtilis
C. Agrobacteriunl tuinefaciens
D. All of these

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Identify the Question**: The question asks which bacteria is known as the natural genetic engineer of plants.

2. **Consider the Options**: The options provided are:
- E. coli
- Bacillus
- Agrobacterium tumefaciens
- All of these

3. **Understand the Role of Agrobacterium tumefaciens**: This bacterium is known for its ability to transfer genetic material to plant cells. It is a pathogenic bacterium that causes crown gall disease in dicot plants.

4. **Explain the Mechanism**: Agrobacterium tumefaciens contains a plasmid known as the Ti (Tumor Inducing) plasmid. A segment of this plasmid, called T-DNA, is transferred from the bacterium to the plant cell, where it integrates into the plant's genome, leading to genetic modification.

5. **Conclusion**: Since Agrobacterium tumefaciens is recognized for its natural ability to transfer genes to plants, it is referred to as the natural genetic engineer of plants.

6. **Select the Correct Answer**: The correct answer to the question is Agrobacterium tumefaciens.

**Final Answer**: Agrobacterium tumefaciens

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