Which one has maximum solubility in liquid `C Cl_(4)`?

Options

A. `CI_(2)`
B. `I_(2)`
C. `Br_(2)`
D. `NaCl`

Answer

To determine which compound has the maximum solubility in liquid CCl₄, we need to analyze the properties of the given compounds and their interactions with CCl₄.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Identify the Nature of CCl₄**:
- CCl₄ (carbon tetrachloride) is a non-polar solvent.

2. **Understand the Principle of "Like Dissolves Like"**:
- Non-polar substances dissolve well in non-polar solvents, while polar substances dissolve in polar solvents. Therefore, we need to identify which of the given compounds are non-polar.

3. **Analyze the Given Compounds**:
- **Cl₂ (Chlorine)**: This molecule is non-polar because it consists of two identical atoms sharing electrons equally.
- **I₂ (Iodine)**: This molecule is also non-polar for the same reason as Cl₂.
- **Br₂ (Bromine)**: This molecule is non-polar as well, being composed of two identical bromine atoms.
- **NaCl (Sodium Chloride)**: This compound is ionic and polar due to the presence of Na⁺ and Cl⁻ ions.

4. **Eliminate Polar Compounds**:
- Since CCl₄ is non-polar, NaCl will not dissolve in it. Therefore, we can eliminate NaCl from consideration.

5. **Compare the Non-Polar Compounds**:
- We are left with Cl₂, I₂, and Br₂. To determine which of these has the highest solubility in CCl₄, we need to consider their bond dissociation enthalpies.

6. **Bond Dissociation Enthalpy**:
- Bond dissociation enthalpy refers to the energy required to break a bond. The lower the bond dissociation enthalpy, the easier it is for the molecule to dissolve in a solvent.
- As we move down the group in the periodic table, the size of the atoms increases, leading to poorer overlap of orbitals and weaker bonds. Thus, the bond dissociation enthalpy decreases.

7. **Order of Bond Dissociation Enthalpy**:
- The order of bond dissociation enthalpy for the halogens is:
- Cl₂ > Br₂ > I₂
- This means that I₂ has the lowest bond dissociation enthalpy among the three non-polar molecules.

8. **Conclusion**:
- Since I₂ has the lowest bond dissociation enthalpy, it will require the least energy to break its bonds and thus will be the most soluble in the non-polar solvent CCl₄.

### Final Answer:
The compound with maximum solubility in liquid CCl₄ is **I₂ (Iodine)**.

---