Methyl phenyl ether reaction with `HNO_3 ` and `H_2SO_4` results .

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Answer

To solve the question regarding the reaction of methyl phenyl ether (anisole) with HNO3 and H2SO4, we can break down the process into clear steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Identify the Reactants**:
- The reactant is methyl phenyl ether, also known as anisole (C6H5OCH3).

2. **Understand the Reaction Conditions**:
- The reagents used are HNO3 (nitric acid) and H2SO4 (sulfuric acid). This combination is typically used for nitration reactions.

3. **Formation of the Electrophile**:
- In the presence of HNO3 and H2SO4, the electrophile NO2+ (nitronium ion) is generated. The reaction can be summarized as:
\[ \text{HNO}_3 + \text{H}_2\text{SO}_4 \rightarrow \text{NO}_2^+ + \text{HSO}_4^- + \text{H}_2\text{O} \]

4. **Mechanism of Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution**:
- Anisole has an OCH3 group, which is an activating group due to its +M (mesomeric) and +I (inductive) effects. This makes the aromatic ring more reactive towards electrophilic substitution.
- The nitronium ion (NO2+) will attack the aromatic ring of anisole. Due to the activating nature of the OCH3 group, the substitution will occur at the ortho and para positions relative to the OCH3 group.

5. **Formation of Sigma Complex**:
- When the nitronium ion attacks the aromatic ring, it forms a sigma complex (also known as an arenium ion or Wheland intermediate). This intermediate has a positive charge and is stabilized by resonance.

6. **Deprotonation**:
- The sigma complex will lose a proton (H+) to restore aromaticity. The electron pair from the bond between the hydrogen and the carbon will be used to form a double bond, resulting in the final product.

7. **Final Products**:
- The final products of the reaction will be ortho-nitroanisole and para-nitroanisole. The OCH3 group directs the electrophilic substitution to these positions.

### Summary of Products:
- The products of the reaction of methyl phenyl ether (anisole) with HNO3 and H2SO4 are:
1. Ortho-nitroanisole
2. Para-nitroanisole