What are three options to increase food production? Discuss each giving the salient features,merits and demerits.

Explanation

Traditional farming can only yield a limted biomass as food for humans and animals. Better management pracitices and increase agricultural land can increase yield , but only to a limited exent .
Following are the three options to increase food protein .
(a) SIngle cell protein
THe biomass obtained from microorganisms can be treated or pracessed in industry to be used as food and is called single cell protein .
Merits of single cell proteins
(i) Its producation reduces polluation as it uses organic wastes and industrial wastes effuents .
(ii) It provides a protein - rich diet.
(iii) It fulfills the demand of protein for human diet and takes off the pressure on agricure system .
Demertis of single cell protein
(i) SOmetimes the microbial biomass when taken as diet supplement may leed to allergic reastions .
(ii) Many types of microorganisms produce substance which are toxic to the mhumans and also to the animals .
(B) Biofortification
It is the method for devloping crops with higher levels of vitamins , minerals proteins and heallther fats to improve public health .
Merits of biofortification
(i) It can increase yields frown on the same or less acreage.
(ii) it can potentially imporve nutritional value or other health benefits .
Demerits of biofortification
(i) its successful implementation into society requires safe selivery systems , stable policies, appropriable social infrastructures.
(ii) It comtined by financial suport also.
(c ) Tissue -Culture
It is an vitro techniqure for regeneration of a whole plant from any part of plant by growing it on culture medium under aseptic conditions .
Merits Of tissure Culture
(i) A large number of plants can be grown is short time
(ii) DIsease - Free plants can be multiplied
(iii) Seedless plants can be multiplied
(iv) THe plants where sexual reproducation is absent may undergo somatic hybrisation .
Demerits Of tissue Culture
(i) It requires geat expense it latest techniques in the laboratory.
(ii) It requires acclimatisation of plants grown by tissue culture to the external envitonment.
(iii) It requires special expertise.