On reacting chloral hydrate with NaOH the products obtained is/are:

Options

A. `CHCl_(3)`
B. HCOONa + `H_(2)`O
C. Both (1) and (2)
D. none of these

Answer

To solve the question regarding the reaction of chloral hydrate with NaOH, we will follow these steps:

### Step 1: Identify the Structure of Chloral Hydrate
Chloral hydrate is derived from chloral (CCl₃CHO) and water. The structure of chloral hydrate can be represented as:
\[ \text{CCl}_3\text{CHOH}_2 \]
This compound is a geminal diol, where the carbonyl group (C=O) of chloral is converted into a hydroxyl group (–OH) upon reaction with water.

**Hint:** Remember that chloral hydrate is formed from chloral and water, leading to a stable geminal diol structure.

### Step 2: Understand the Role of NaOH
Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is a strong base that dissociates in solution to provide hydroxide ions (OH⁻). These hydroxide ions will act as nucleophiles in the reaction.

**Hint:** Recognize that NaOH provides OH⁻ ions which can attack electrophilic centers in organic molecules.

### Step 3: Nucleophilic Attack
The hydroxide ion (OH⁻) will attack the carbon atom of the carbonyl group in chloral hydrate. This carbon is electrophilic due to the presence of the electronegative chlorine atoms.

**Hint:** Focus on the mechanism of nucleophilic attack where OH⁻ targets the electrophilic carbon.

### Step 4: Formation of a Tetrahedral Intermediate
The attack of the hydroxide ion leads to the formation of a tetrahedral intermediate. This intermediate will have a negative charge on the carbon that was previously part of the carbonyl group.

**Hint:** Tetrahedral intermediates are common in nucleophilic addition reactions.

### Step 5: Departure of the Leaving Group
In this case, the CCl₃ group (trichloromethyl group) acts as a good leaving group due to the stabilizing effect of the three chlorine atoms. When the CCl₃ group leaves, it forms a trichloromethyl anion (CCl₃⁻).

**Hint:** Remember that good leaving groups are often stabilized by resonance or inductive effects.

### Step 6: Formation of Products
After the CCl₃ group leaves, the remaining structure will rearrange, leading to the formation of chloroform (CHCl₃) and sodium formate (HCOO⁻Na). The reaction also produces water as a byproduct.

**Hint:** Identify the final products by considering the stability and reactivity of the remaining groups after the leaving group departs.

### Final Answer
The products obtained from the reaction of chloral hydrate with NaOH are:
- Chloroform (CHCl₃)
- Sodium formate (HCOO⁻Na)
- Water (H₂O)

### Summary of Products
1. **Chloroform (CHCl₃)**
2. **Sodium Formate (HCOO⁻Na)**
3. **Water (H₂O)**