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Examine the following statements pertain...

Examine the following statements pertaining to an `S_(N)`2 reaction.
(a) The rate of reaction is independent of the concentration of the nucleophile
(b) The nucleophile attacks the C - atom on the side of the molecule opposite to the group being displaced
(c )The reaction proceeds with simultaneous bond formation and bond rupture
Among the following which are true?

A

a, b

B

b, c

C

a,b,c

D

a,c

Text Solution

AI Generated Solution

The correct Answer is:
To examine the statements pertaining to an \( S_N2 \) reaction, we will analyze each statement one by one. ### Step 1: Understand the \( S_N2 \) Reaction The \( S_N2 \) reaction is a bimolecular nucleophilic substitution reaction. In this reaction, a nucleophile attacks an electrophilic carbon atom, leading to the displacement of a leaving group. The reaction occurs in a single step and involves both bond formation and bond breaking. ### Step 2: Analyze Statement (a) **Statement (a): The rate of reaction is independent of the concentration of the nucleophile.** - **Analysis**: This statement is incorrect. The rate of an \( S_N2 \) reaction is dependent on the concentrations of both the substrate and the nucleophile. The rate law for an \( S_N2 \) reaction can be expressed as: \[ \text{Rate} = k[\text{Nucleophile}][\text{Substrate}] \] Thus, the rate is not independent of the nucleophile concentration. ### Step 3: Analyze Statement (b) **Statement (b): The nucleophile attacks the C-atom on the side of the molecule opposite to the group being displaced.** - **Analysis**: This statement is correct. In an \( S_N2 \) reaction, the nucleophile attacks the carbon atom from the side opposite to the leaving group. This backside attack minimizes steric hindrance and allows for effective overlap of orbitals, leading to a successful reaction. ### Step 4: Analyze Statement (c) **Statement (c): The reaction proceeds with simultaneous bond formation and bond rupture.** - **Analysis**: This statement is also correct. In an \( S_N2 \) reaction, the bond between the nucleophile and the carbon atom forms at the same time as the bond between the carbon and the leaving group breaks. This simultaneous process occurs in a single transition state. ### Conclusion Based on the analysis: - Statement (a) is **false**. - Statement (b) is **true**. - Statement (c) is **true**. Thus, the true statements are (b) and (c). ### Final Answer The correct statements are (b) and (c). ---
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