Which of the following is not correct match ?

Options

A. Phenol + Pthalic anhydride ` to ` phenolphthalein
B. Phenol + Chloroform + Base `to` salicylic acid
C. Phenol + Methanal + `H^(+) to ` Bakelite
D. Phenol + dil `HNO_(3) to `o, p - nitrophenol

Answer

To determine which of the given reactions is not correct, we will analyze each option step by step.

### Step 1: Analyze Option 1
- **Reaction**: Phenol + Phthalic Anhydride → Phenolphthalein
- **Explanation**:
- Phenol (C6H5OH) reacts with phthalic anhydride (C6H4(CO)2O) in the presence of an acid catalyst (like H2SO4).
- The reaction leads to the formation of phenolphthalein, which is a pH indicator that turns pink in basic solutions.
- **Conclusion**: This reaction is correct.

### Step 2: Analyze Option 2
- **Reaction**: Phenol + Chloroform + Base → Salicylic Acid
- **Explanation**:
- The reaction described is known as the Reimer-Tiemann reaction, which involves phenol and chloroform in the presence of a base (like NaOH).
- The product of this reaction is actually salicylaldehyde (2-hydroxybenzaldehyde), not salicylic acid (2-hydroxybenzoic acid).
- **Conclusion**: This reaction is incorrect because it states that salicylic acid is formed instead of salicylaldehyde.

### Step 3: Analyze Option 3
- **Reaction**: Phenol + Methanol + H+ → Bakelite
- **Explanation**:
- Bakelite is a type of plastic that can be formed from the polymerization of phenol and formaldehyde (not methanol) in the presence of an acid catalyst.
- However, if we consider phenol and methanol under certain conditions, a polymeric structure can be formed, but it is not the typical route to Bakelite.
- **Conclusion**: This reaction is somewhat misleading but can be considered correct in a broader context of polymer formation.

### Step 4: Analyze Option 4
- **Reaction**: Phenol + Dilute HNO3 → Ortho- and Para-Nitrophenol
- **Explanation**:
- When phenol is treated with dilute nitric acid, nitration occurs, resulting in the formation of ortho- and para-nitrophenol.
- **Conclusion**: This reaction is correct.

### Final Conclusion
After analyzing all the options:
- **Incorrect Match**: Option 2 (Phenol + Chloroform + Base → Salicylic Acid) is not correct because the product should be salicylaldehyde, not salicylic acid.

### Answer
The answer is **Option 2**.