Glycerol when treated with a mixture of cone . `HNO_(3)` and cone. `H_(2) SO_(2)` forms :

Options

A. Acrolein
B. Glycerol mononitrate
C. Glyceryl trinitrate
D. All of these

Answer

To solve the problem of what glycerol forms when treated with a mixture of concentrated \( HNO_3 \) (nitric acid) and concentrated \( H_2SO_4 \) (sulfuric acid), we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Glycerol**:
Glycerol, also known as glycerin, is a triol with the chemical formula \( C_3H_8O_3 \). It has three hydroxyl (-OH) groups.

2. **Reagents Involved**:
- **Concentrated \( HNO_3 \)**: This is a strong oxidizing agent and nitrating agent.
- **Concentrated \( H_2SO_4 \)**: This acts as a dehydrating agent and helps in the nitration process by generating the nitronium ion (\( NO_2^+ \)).

3. **Nitration Reaction**:
- When glycerol is treated with concentrated \( HNO_3 \) and \( H_2SO_4 \), the hydroxyl groups of glycerol can be nitrated. The \( H_2SO_4 \) helps to generate the \( NO_2^+ \) ion from \( HNO_3 \).
- Each hydroxyl group can react with the \( NO_2^+ \) ion, leading to the substitution of the hydrogen atom in the hydroxyl group with a nitro group (\( NO_2 \)).

4. **Formation of Trinitrate**:
- Since glycerol has three hydroxyl groups, it can undergo nitration at all three positions. Thus, the product formed is glycerol trinitrate.
- The chemical structure of glycerol trinitrate can be represented as \( C_3H_5N_3O_9 \), where each hydroxyl group is replaced by a nitro group.

5. **Final Product**:
- Therefore, the final product when glycerol is treated with concentrated \( HNO_3 \) and \( H_2SO_4 \) is **glycerol trinitrate**.

### Conclusion:
The answer to the question is that glycerol forms **glycerol trinitrate** when treated with a mixture of concentrated \( HNO_3 \) and concentrated \( H_2SO_4 \).

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