Which of these is obtained as the product when ethanol is treated with conc. `H_(2) so_(4) ` at 413 K ?

Options

A. Ethyl hydrogen sulphate
B. diethyl sulphate
C. ethene
D. diethyl ether

Answer

To determine the product obtained when ethanol is treated with concentrated sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) at 413 K, we can follow these steps:

### Step 1: Identify the Reactants
The reactant in this reaction is ethanol, which has the chemical formula CH₃CH₂OH.

### Step 2: Understand the Role of Concentrated H₂SO₄
Concentrated sulfuric acid acts as a dehydrating agent. This means it will facilitate the removal of water (H₂O) from the ethanol molecule.

### Step 3: Determine the Reaction Conditions
The temperature given is 413 K. At this temperature, the reaction will favor the formation of ether through intermolecular dehydration rather than the formation of alkenes (like ethene) which would occur at higher temperatures (443 K).

### Step 4: Perform the Reaction
When ethanol is treated with concentrated H₂SO₄ at 413 K, the process involves the following:
1. The ethanol molecule (CH₃CH₂OH) is protonated by H₂SO₄, forming CH₃CH₂OH₂⁺.
2. This protonated ethanol can then undergo intermolecular dehydration, where one ethanol molecule reacts with another.
3. The reaction leads to the formation of diethyl ether (CH₃CH₂OCH₂CH₃) by the elimination of water.

### Step 5: Write the Final Product
The final product of the reaction is diethyl ether, which has the chemical structure CH₃CH₂OCH₂CH₃.

### Conclusion
Thus, when ethanol is treated with concentrated H₂SO₄ at 413 K, the product formed is diethyl ether.

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