To find the normality of the HCl solution with a density of 1.19 g/ml and containing 37% HCl by mass, we can follow these steps:
### Step 1: Calculate the mass of HCl in 100 g of solution
Given that the solution is 37% HCl by mass, we can calculate the mass of HCl in 100 g of solution.
\[
\text{Mass of HCl} = \frac{37}{100} \times 100 \, \text{g} = 37 \, \text{g}
\]
### Step 2: Calculate the number of moles of HCl
To find the number of moles of HCl, we need to use its molecular weight. The molecular weight of HCl is calculated as follows:
- Atomic weight of Hydrogen (H) = 1 g/mol
- Atomic weight of Chlorine (Cl) = 35.5 g/mol
\[
\text{Molecular weight of HCl} = 1 + 35.5 = 36.5 \, \text{g/mol}
\]
Now, we can calculate the moles of HCl:
\[
\text{Moles of HCl} = \frac{\text{Mass of HCl}}{\text{Molecular weight of HCl}} = \frac{37 \, \text{g}}{36.5 \, \text{g/mol}} \approx 1.01 \, \text{moles}
\]
### Step 3: Calculate the volume of the solution
To find the volume of the solution, we can use the density of the solution. The density is given as 1.19 g/ml.
Using the formula:
\[
\text{Density} = \frac{\text{Mass}}{\text{Volume}} \implies \text{Volume} = \frac{\text{Mass}}{\text{Density}}
\]
Substituting the values:
\[
\text{Volume} = \frac{100 \, \text{g}}{1.19 \, \text{g/ml}} \approx 84.03 \, \text{ml}
\]
### Step 4: Convert volume to liters
Since normality is expressed in terms of liters, we need to convert the volume from milliliters to liters:
\[
\text{Volume in liters} = \frac{84.03 \, \text{ml}}{1000} \approx 0.08403 \, \text{L}
\]
### Step 5: Calculate the molarity of the HCl solution
Molarity (M) is defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution:
\[
\text{Molarity} = \frac{\text{Moles of HCl}}{\text{Volume in liters}} = \frac{1.01 \, \text{moles}}{0.08403 \, \text{L}} \approx 12.02 \, \text{M}
\]
### Step 6: Calculate the normality of the HCl solution
For HCl, the number of replaceable H+ ions (n-factor) is 1. Therefore, the normality (N) is equal to the molarity (M):
\[
\text{Normality} = \text{Molarity} \times \text{n-factor} = 12.02 \, \text{M} \times 1 = 12.02 \, \text{N}
\]
Thus, the normality of the HCl solution is approximately **12.02 N**.
