After entering T-cell, HIV first forms

Options

A. mRNA
B. Single stranded DNA
C. Double stranded DNA
D. Double stranded RNA

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding HIV**: HIV stands for Human Immunodeficiency Virus. It is a virus that attacks the immune system, specifically targeting T-lymphocytes (T-cells).

2. **Nature of HIV**: HIV is classified as an RNA virus and is also known as a retrovirus. This classification is due to its ability to convert its RNA into DNA using an enzyme called reverse transcriptase.

3. **Entry into T-cells**: When HIV enters the bloodstream, it specifically targets T-lymphocytes. The virus binds to the surface of these cells and fuses with them.

4. **Formation of DNA**: After fusion, the reverse transcriptase enzyme within HIV converts the viral RNA into DNA. This process is unique because, in typical transcription, DNA is used to create RNA, but here, RNA is transformed into DNA.

5. **Replication**: Once the viral DNA is formed, it integrates into the host cell's DNA. This allows the virus to take control of the T-cell's machinery to replicate itself.

6. **Release of New Viruses**: As the T-cell replicates, it produces more copies of HIV, which are then released into the bloodstream, leading to further infection of other T-cells.

7. **Final Outcome**: The result of this process is the continuous depletion of T-cells, which compromises the immune system and can lead to AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome).