Mulching the soil is a process whereby

Options

A. Big lumps are broken into smaller particles
B. Transplanation is carried out
C. Litters are used to prevent erosion and evaporation
D. Soil is enriched with fertilisers

Answer

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Mulching**:
- Mulching is a process that involves covering the soil with a layer of material, often organic matter like leaves, straw, or wood chips.

2. **Purpose of Mulching**:
- The primary purposes of mulching are to prevent soil erosion and reduce evaporation of moisture from the soil. This helps maintain soil structure and moisture levels.

3. **Soil Enrichment**:
- Mulching enriches the soil by adding organic matter as the mulch decomposes. This organic matter improves soil fertility and nutrient content.

4. **Impact on Plant Growth**:
- By enriching the soil, mulching creates a favorable environment for plant growth. It helps in root development and improves the overall health of the plants.

5. **Soil Aeration and Water Infiltration**:
- The decomposition of organic mulches also enhances soil aeration and increases water infiltration capacity. This means that the soil can hold more water and allows for better drainage.

6. **Beneficial Organisms**:
- Mulching creates an ideal habitat for beneficial soil organisms, such as earthworms, which further contribute to soil health.

7. **Reviewing Options**:
- After understanding the benefits and functions of mulching, we can evaluate the provided options:
- Option 1: Incorrect, as it refers to breaking lumps, which is not related to mulching.
- Option 2: Incorrect, as transplantation is not a part of mulching.
- Option 3: Correct, as it accurately describes the use of litters to prevent erosion and evaporation.
- Option 4: Incorrect, as it mentions fertilizers, which are not used in the mulching process.

8. **Conclusion**:
- The correct answer is Option 3: "Litters are used to prevent erosion and evaporation."